home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Text File | 1988-12-29 | 3.9 KB | 66 lines | [TEXT/MSWD] |
-
-
- THE BENEFITS OF THE MNP ERROR-CONTROL PROTOCOL
- MNP is a public-domain error/flow control protocol that is becoming
- the standard hardware-based solution for providing error-free data
- communications for personal computers and data terminals. MNP stands for
- "Microcom Networked Protocol", and is copyrighted by Microcom. MNP is
- available for commercial use under license.
- The basic benefit of MNP is the ability to detect transmitted data
- errors and to insure the data's accurate retransmission. MNP devides data
- into numbered frames that include the results of an algorithmic
- calculation called "cyclic redundancy checking" (CRC). The receiving
- modem performs the same CRC algorithm on each frame and responds
- positively or negatively to the sending modem.
- A negative acknowledgement serves as an automatic repeat request for
- retransmission of the errored data frame. The receiving modem accepts no
- more frames until the frame in question is transmitted successfully. In
- this way, MNP protects against errors and ensures that the data arrives in
- sequence.
- Two 2400 baud modems using Level 3 MNP under optimal conditions can
- exchange data at rates up to 259 characters per second. This eight percent
- gain over the normal 240 cps speed for 2400-bps modems is achieved by
- removing start and stop bits from each data character so that the data is
- in bit format, as in synchronous transmission.
- Additionally, when hardware-based MNP protocol is employed at 2400
- bps, the modem throughput remains at 2400 (actually, 2590 bps) under
- normal line conditions. Under the same conditions, software-based
- protocols can degrade throughput down to 2000 bps or worse. This
- reduction in the data transfer rate can prove unacceptable in many
- applications.
- The receiving modem reinserts the start and stop bits before passing
- the data to the receiving terminal or computer.
- When a call is initiated, an MNP-equipped modem negotiates the highest
- level MNP connection available with the other modem. If it reaches a
- non-MNP modem, it operates as a standard 2400 bps modem.
- Built-in error-control like MNP requires that the modem control the
- data flow from the terminal or computer to the modem, to prevent the
- possible loss of data that might otherwise occur.
- Line conditions, for example, might cause a number of retransmission
- requests that interrupt the normal flow over the data link. The modem is
- equipped with a buffer for storing incoming data from the computer or
- terminal, so that the data does not get lost while the modem is
- retransmitting.
- The modem monitors the buffer and, if it approaches full capacity,
- signals the computer or terminal to stop sending. The modem signals the
- computer to resume sending when the modem has sent enough data over the
- link to sufficiently empty the buffer.
- The MNP hardware-based flow-control is known as "Request to Send/Clear
- to Send" (RTS/CTS), using pins 4 and 5 of the RS232C interface.
- Software-based, or command-based flow control uses ASCII "XON/XOFF"
- signals to perform the identical task of RTS/CTS.
- A benefit of flow control is the ability to set the data transfer rate
- of the computer or terminal as high as 19,200 bps, regardless of the
- transmission speed of the modem. Using this arrangement, the computer or
- terminal speed is the same from call to call. The computer or terminal
- sends data to the modem as fast as possible, with the modem controlling
- the flow of data into the buffer. The transmitting and receiving modems
- match transfer rates using standard conventions.
- Error correction methods have been around for a long time, but their
- incorporation into the hardware or firmware of low and medium speed
- asynchronous dial-up modems is relatively new. The MNP protocol is
- uniquely suited for this type of application and has been proven superior
- to software-based error correction protocols such as X.PC, XMODEM and
- others.
-
- Download complete.